To support this, orthotics-often used to reduce excessive pronation and increase stability-have been found to improve running economy at lower intensities (Burke and Papuga 2012). 1990) and walking economy (Hunter et al., 2008 Gleim et al. Researchers have found that reduced joint flexibility-particularly in the hip and calf regions-is associated with improved running economy (Jones 2002 Craib et al. Increased joint stability and reduced flexibility can enhance exercise efficiency in dynamic sports, like running. #4 Joint stability, flexibility and efficiency Specific training such as max velocity training and plyometrics can improve the ability to store and use this elastic energy. This is important in dynamic sports such as running, where we convert potential and kinetic energy into elastic energy stored within the tendons and muscles. One factor here is a gradual transformation within Type IIa fibres towards the characteristics of slow twitch fibres.Īn enhanced elastic energy storage has a positive effect on exercise economy (Sawicki et al., 2009).
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